A tax is a financial charge to a person or company or entity that is the taxpayer.
Taxes are usually levied by government bodies
although some unofficial governing groups are organized well enough that they decide to tax people in their area of control.
The purpose of the taxes is often debatable but in general it is to subsidize the government and some of the needs of the people.
Taxes are usually paid in the form of money. Failure to pay taxes is usually punishable by the governing or legislative body that levies the tax.
In travel and moving goods between countries the tax is often referred to as "duty tax" or "customs".
Most countries have separate taxing bodies such as the state or provincial government, local city or town governments and the national government.
"Nothing is certain but death and taxes". Benjamin Franklin